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JMD 2000, Vol. 2, No. 2
Copyright © 2000 American Society for Investigative Pathology & Association for Molecular Pathology

Quantitative mRNA Expression Analysis from Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissues Using 5' Nuclease Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction

Tony E. Godfrey*, Sun-Hun Kim§, Marielena Chavira*, David W. Ruff{ddagger}, Robert S. Warren{dagger}, Joe W. Gray* and Ronald H. Jensen*

From the Departments of Laboratory Medicine * and Surgery, {dagger} University of California San Francisco Cancer Center, San Francisco, California; P.E. Biosystems, {ddagger} Foster City, California; and the School of Dentistry, § Chonnam National University, Kwangju, South Korea

Analysis of gene expression and correlation with clinical parameters has the potential to become an important factor in therapeutic decision making. The ability to analyze gene expression in archived tissues, for which clinical followup is already available, will greatly facilitate research in this area. A major obstacle to this approach, however, has been the uncertainty about whether gene expression analyses from routinely archived tissues accurately reflect expression before fixation. In the present study we have optimized the RNA isolation and reverse transcription steps for quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on archival material. Using tissue taken directly from the operating room, mRNAs with half-lives from 10 minutes to >8 hours were isolated and reverse transcribed. Subsequent real-time quantitative PCR methodology (TaqMan) on these cDNAs gives a measurement of gene expression in the fixed tissues comparable to that in the fresh tissue. In addition, we simulated routine pathology handling and demonstrate that this method of mRNA quantitation is insensitive to pre-fixation times (time from excision to fixation) of up to 12 hours. Therefore, it should be feasible to analyze gene expression in archived tissues where tissue collection procedures are largely unknown.




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