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JMD 2004, Vol. 6, No. 2
Copyright © 2004 American Society for Investigative Pathology & Association for Molecular Pathology

Identification of MGB1 as a Marker in the Differential Diagnosis of Lung Tumors in Patients with a History of Breast Cancer by Analysis of Publicly Available SAGE Data

Takaomi Koga^*, Yoshitsugu Horio, Tetsuya Mitsudomi, Takashi Takahashi and Yasushi Yatabe^*

From the Departments of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, * Internal Medicine, and Thoracic Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya; and the Division of Molecular Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan

The risk of developing second primary cancers is increased in patients with breast cancer. The lung is one of the major target organs, and therefore a differential diagnosis between primary and metastatic cancers is required for the treatment of lung tumors in patients with a history of breast cancer. However, biopsy specimens frequently result in small, fragmented tissues containing only a few, degenerated cancer cells. We attempted to find a useful marker for differential diagnosis, using the online SAGE database. We selected three molecules, small breast epithelial mucin (SBEM), prostate epithelium-specific Ets transcription factor (PDEF), and mammaglobin (MGB1), as potential markers for breast cancer. SBEM and PDEF proved of no use for practical differential diagnosis because they are expressed in the normal bronchus. In contrast, expression of MGB1 was detected in all 22 primary breast cancers, but not in 22 normal lung tissues. Furthermore, all 12 metastatic breast cancers examined demonstrated positive MGB1 transcripts, whereas one of 48 primary lung adenocarcinomas expressed MGB1. This suggests that MGB1 can serve as a differential molecular marker. In practice, prospective examination, using the nine cases with a history of breast cancer, confirmed the usefulness of MGB1 in differential diagnosis.

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